The advantage of defining the material or waste properly is that it makes it possible to specify. Solid waste management government medical college and. Pdf lecture notes solid and hazardous waste management. Below are 5 key water management strategies that are widely used today. Waste disposal methods were still very crude, however. Swedens waste plan, published by the swedish environmental protection agency, 54 pp. The methods of waste management involve proper dumping, recycling, transportation and collection, and the creation of awareness. Areas 1 and 3 are led by the cea and area 2 by andra. Current disposal methods threaten our health, safety. Soil is excavated and trenches are made for burying the e waste in it. Solid waste management notes pdf swm notes pdf book starts with the topics waste collection, from low and mediumrise apartments, landfill technique, types of landfill, landfills for commingled msw.
Taking a look at the different options helps you find a solution thats not only good for you but also for the environment. The various methods listed above will surely help in formulating an ecofriendly waste disposal plan. Dec 28, 2017 while there are many methods of waste disposal, it is always a good practice to follow ecofriendly methods as they cause less damage to nature. Fundamentally attempting to generate energy or achieve improvement in wastewater quality without. For the waste sector in south africa this means care must be given to raw material use, product design, resource efficiency, waste prevention, and minimization where avoidance is impossible. Here you can download the free lecture notes of solid waste management pdf notes swm pdf notes materials with multiple file links to download.
There are several water management methods available in the world, and these are being honed all the time as scientists and engineers find new ways to look after our water supplies. In order to deal with the current situation us has adapted certain e waste disposal methods, so let us peek into these methods. An introduction to environmental waste management concerns in hospitals a hospital selfaudit form to copy and use in each department a page of best management practices and information about toxic substance substitution. The learning materials will provide guidance to all decisionmakers and staff who are involved in waste management activities. Waste disposal, the collection, processing, and recycling or deposition of the waste materials of human society. Hospital waste refers to all waste, biological or non. Read this article to learn about types, sources, effects and methods of solid waste management. Comparison of solid waste management practices by income level 5 2. Composting preserves more nutrients than incineration and is the preferred method for organic waste disposal. Solid waste methods of solid waste disposal in an urban area methods of solid waste disposal in an urban slum. Pdf latest technologies of municipal solid waste management. Waste management is a technology developed to protect the human health from the hazardous effects of waste materials.
Solid waste management is a polite term for garbage management. This aims to eventually reduce the reliance of south africas waste disposal on landfills, as currently the majority of waste ends up therein. Waste generation projections for 2025 by region 10 5. Methods of solid waste disposal and management the constructor. Capacity of waste incineration is greater 10 times. Most industrial, commercial, and household waste is now being placed in landfills or surface im poundments. There are four main methods for the disposal of solid waste land application. In order to manage waste, the environmental protection agency epa and the solid waste act favor an integrated solid waste management strategy that includes 1 reducing the amount. It is used to dispose of solid, liquid and gaseous waste.
It is recognized as a practical method of disposing of certain hazardous waste materials. Methods of solid waste disposal and management are as below. A technological approach to solid waste management began to develop in the latter part of the 19th century. Solid waste disposal is destined to be one of the critical issues in the twentyfirst century and will soon be on the forefront of our global agenda. Waste management the aim of sustainable waste management is to reduce waste formation and to use resources more efficiently and rationally, ensuring that the waste of one sector is used as a raw material in another sector. Waste act of 1990, which set a goal of diverting 25% of new mexicos municipal solid waste from landfills by 1995 and 50% by july 1, 2000. Microbes decompose the organic materials as they sit in a compost pile or bin for months. Advantages of waste combustion in comparison to pyrolysis and gasification combustion has three good points. Oct 07, 2011 to handle such volumes of solid wastes, there are various methods which are employed by the different governments across the world. There are usually three main methods which are used for solid waste management accumulating them in landfills, use of incinerators and reuse and recycle. You produce plenty of waste each week, but have you thought about where it goes. Domestic waste collection management does it work under the supervision of local government or by some private waste management company. Waste treated in this manner may contam inate groundwater, rivers, and streams. Nonbiodegradable and toxic wastes like radioactive remnants can.
Trainers and beginners can use these learning materials to obtain knowledge on present practices and issues of solid waste planning and disposal in las. Appropriate solid waste management strategies may vary for institutional, communal and. The key to success in terms of e waste management is to develop ecodesign devices, properly collect e waste, recover and recycle material by safe methods, dispose of e waste by suitable techniques, forbid the transfer of used electronic devices to developing countries, and raise awareness of the impact of e waste. Methods of waste disposal free download as word doc. Management method codes used with the hazardous waste report author. Whichever the case, waste management is usually the responsibility of the local government. Proceedings of the sardinia 05, international waste management and landfill symposium, october, 2005, cisa, university of cagliari, sardinia. Us epa, oswer, office of resource conservation and recovery subject. It is estimated that the amount of solid waste per capita is around 500 kilograms per year. Some areas, which are less populated or not much developed, have ceremonial systems for collection of waste. This is the most common methodology of e waste disposal. Industrialized nations are grappling with the problem of expeditious and safe waste disposal. Lecture notes solid and hazardous waste management.
The term waste management collectively means the management of waste from its inception to the final stage of disposal. Current waste generation per capita by income level 10 6. Methods of waste disposal waste management incineration. Garbage collected in philadelphia, for example, was simply dumped into the delaware river downstream from the city. Incineration is carried out both on a small scale by individuals and on a large scale by industry.
What is waste management and methods of waste disposal. Industries can also manage their wastes, in case they are non. With experience of over a decade and half of uasb for sewage treatment in the country, a number of inherent limitations of the technology in particular and that of anaerobic processes in general have been realised. This section provides definitions to use when setting up a waste management program. Methods of solid waste disposal and management methods of solid waste disposal and management are as below. The analysis was directed towards environmentally sound water and wastewater management, including wastewater volume reduction and recycling and maintained a strong focus on distributed water and. Waste management technologies are related to the form of product, most common being landfills and incineration. Dumping methods the most common waste dumping methods include landfill and incineration. Latest technologies of municipal solid waste management in developed and developing countries. Waste management in these countries and cities is an ongoing challenge due to weak institutions, chronic underresourcing and rapid urbanization. It also differs from industrial and residential areas. To support municipal solid waste msw characterization efforts, epa conducted a scoping study on food waste and the methods by which they are managed. Solid waste management pdf notes swm pdf notes smartzworld.
Management method codes used with the hazardous waste report. Following are mentioned few of the waste collection methods as are practiced around the world. It will also provide guidance on how to reduce waste management costs. In 2011, for example, we expanded our recycling capacity by 1 million tons, and we.
There are four main methods for the disposal of solid waste. In order to establish the most appropriate methods of management of materials and waste, classify them first. According to waste management companies, there are several waste management methods. Current disposal methods threaten our health, safety, and environment, and pose additional indirect costs to society. This work is original and could be further extended. Waste management is collection, transportation, and disposal of garbage, sewage and other waste products. As long as liumans have been living in settled communities, solid waste, or garbage, has been an issue, and modern societies generate far more solid waste than early humans ever did. Solid waste management case study of ndola, zambia edema.
A landfill is a conventional dumping method, which involves burying of wastes in a common pit. Waste is classified by source and composition, and its components may be either hazardous or inert with respect to their effects on health and their effect on the environment. List of the codes used by the uniform hazardous waste manifest to describe the type of hazardous waste management system used to treat, recover, or dispose of a hazardous waste. Composting is a natural process where organic wastes break down into nutrientrich compost perfect for your garden plants. Waste management is the process of treating solid wastes and offers variety of solutions for recycling items that dont belong to trash. When discarding your waste, find ways to recycle it instead of. Thus, as one single unit, it encompasses right from the collection, disposal, recycling, to which the processes of monitoring and regulation, respectively belong to, along with the legal frameworks that enable the occurrence of waste management.